For the requirements of remote information management and mobile business , the microwave radio frequency identification ( rfid ) technology is studied in this dissertation , with the automatic train identification system of the national ministry of railroad as a background . the fundamentals associated with rfid system in the field of electromagnetics and communications are summarized and the technical essence is pointed out at the viewpoint of system design 为适应远程信息化网络管理和移动商务的需求,本文以我国铁道部铁路车号自动识别系统为研究背景,系统总结了射频识别( rfid )系统的电磁学基础和通信学原理,从系统的观点揭示rfid技术的实质,对微波rfid技术进行了深入的研究。